DOW-UAP-D121, AAWSAP DIRD, טכנולוגיית מקורות מיקרוגל פולסיים בהספק גבוה, ינואר 2010

Pulsed High-Power Microwave Source Technology
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Defense Warning Office
Directorate for Analysis
Defense Intelligence Agency
Author:
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Figures
Figure 6. Cross-Section Drawing of HS With Point Geometry Converter, Brewster
Figure 7. HS Output Section With the Point Geometry Converter Feeding an
Figure 4. Active Denial System With FLAPS Antenna ............................................ 20
Angle Window, and Extended-Ground-Plane Antenna ........................... 21
Extended-Ground-Plane Antenna Through a Brewster Angle Window ... 22
UNCLASSIFIED//fiAR AEEJCJOP 1155 ON! X
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UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFI@IAL YSE OHLY
Pulsed High-Power Microwave Source Technology
Summary
This paper provides an overview of the major types of high-power microwave
(HPM) sources and the critical technologies required to build them. Pulsed
HPM technology has been of scientific and military interest for several decades.
Originally, the interest focused on the area of high-altitude electromagnetic
pulse (HEMP) concerns.
HEMP is produced when a nuclear weapon is detonated high above the earth's
surface, creating gamma radiation that interacts with the atmosphere to
create an intense electromagnetic (EM) energy field that is harmless to people
as it radiates outward but can overload computer circuitry with effects similar
to, but causing damage more swiftly than, a lightning strike. HEMP effects
became fully known in 1962, when a high-altitude nuclear test (codenamed
"Starfish Prime") over the Pacific Ocean disrupted radio stations and
electronic equipment 800 miles away in Hawaii. The HEMP effect can span
thousands of miles, depending on the altitude, design, and power of the
nuclear burst. It is speculated that a single device detonated at high altitude
over the central United States could affect the entire country, since the HEMP
would be picked up by conductors, such as wires and power cables, acting as
antennas to conduct the electrical energy into various electronic systems. This
EM radiation was found to have field levels on the order of several hundreds of
kilovolts per meter with onset or rise times of a few nanoseconds and a
duration of nearly a microsecond. Fields of these magnitudes were found to
have severe detrimental effects on numerous electrical systems and items,
such as the power grid, automobiles, communications equipment, and aircraft.
Much testing was d…